Theoretical Construction and Empirical Research on Ethnic Village Tourism Development and Community Dynamics: A Comprehensive Literature Review

Abstract

As an important part of cultural tourism, ethnic village tourism has been booming around the world, and has also attracted the academic community's in-depth attention to its complex social effects. This paper systematically combs and deeply analyzes the relevant research literature in the past two decades to explore the complex interactive relationship between economic benefits, cultural protection and community welfare in the development of ethnic village tourism. The study found that the development of ethnic village tourism presents a clear duality: on the one hand, it provides important economic development opportunities for remote areas, promotes infrastructure improvement and residents' income growth; on the other hand, it also poses unprecedented challenges to the integrity of traditional culture, environmental sustainability and community cohesion. Through the critical application of multiple theoretical frameworks such as social exchange theory, stakeholder theory, and community attachment theory, this paper deeply analyzes the multidimensional impact mechanism of tourism development on ethnic communities, and identifies key issues such as cultural commodification, reconstruction of power relations, and increased environmental pressure. At the same time, this study reveals the important role of community participation, governance innovation and sustainable development practices in alleviating negative impacts. Based on the literature analysis, this paper proposes a theoretical framework and policy recommendations for promoting the sustainable development of ethnic village tourism, providing an important reference for future research and practice.