Review the Impact of Experiential Learning (Innovative Pedagogical Approach) on Problem Solving in STEM Education

Abstract

In the context of 21st-century teaching and learning, problem-solving is an essential and fundamental skill. Problem-Solving is one of the skills of HOTS (Higher Order Thinking Skills). Problem-solving closely aligns with STEM (Science, Technology, Engineering, Mathematics) education. In the present Literature review, the researcher explores how the experiential learning approach enhances and develops the problem-solving competencies in STEM classrooms. The method of the present study is a Theoretical Literature Review. To fulfil the purpose of the present study, the researcher reviews the 50 researches of Experiential Learning, STEM education, and Problem-solving. The researcher reviewed researches from the following databases: ERIC, Google Scholar, Research Gate, Sodhganga, and Scopus. Drawing from educational theories and current research, the paper highlights how hands-on experiences, inquiry-based learning, and collaborative tasks enhance students' ability to analyse, evaluate, and solve problems. It also discusses key pedagogical strategies such as project-based learning, guided inquiry, and reflective practice that align with STEM goals. The review emphasizes the importance of creating learner-centred environments where students actively construct knowledge and apply it in meaningful contexts. In this paper, the researcher reviews that how Experiential Learning promote active learning, enquiry-driven learning, and enhance problem solving skills of the students through hands-on activities. Keywords: artificial intelligence (AI), autonomy, ethical implications, memory, privacy