The Effectiveness of an Indigenous Knowledge-Based Pancasila Education Textbook in Fostering Elementary Students' Critical and Creative Thinking Skills

Abstract

This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of a Sasak culture-based Pancasila Education textbook in enhancing the critical and creative thinking skills of fourth-grade elementary school students in Mataram City. This quasi-experimental study used a pre-test, post-test, control-group design. This study was conducted in one semester and involved 30 fourth-grade students at a general elementary school in Mataram City. Those 30 students were grouped into experimental and control groups. The study data were collected using pre-tests and post-tests and were analysed using descriptive statistics and MANOVA through SPSS version 25 for Windows. The descriptive statistics show that the experimental group had higher scores in critical and creative thinking skills than the control group. The descriptive statistics indicate that using the Sasak culture-based Pancasila Education textbook improves students' critical and creative thinking skills more effectively than conventional learning. The MANOVA results confirm a significant simultaneous effect of textbook implementation on students' critical and creative thinking skills (Sig. = 0.000 < 0.05), with a medium effect size (0.529). Thus, this study concludes that integrating local wisdom can serve as the basis for pedagogical mechanisms that provide authentic contexts, encourage reflection, increase student engagement, and support the development of critical and creative thinking skills.