Life Style Pattern Among Adult Hypertensive Patients-An Observational Study

Abstract

Background: High blood pressure is a significant preventable factor in cardiovascular illness and death, with its prevalence rising among elderly individuals. Lifestyle changes are crucial for managing blood pressure, yet information on lifestyle habits among hypertensive individuals in Bangladesh is still scarce. This research sought to evaluate lifestyle habits in adult patients with hypertension and pinpoint adjustable factors for better management of high blood pressure. Methods: An observational study based in a hospital was carried out involving 120 adult patients with hypertension at the Department of Cardiology, BMU, Dhaka, during January to June 2026. Information regarding sociodemographic elements, lifestyle patterns, clinical features, and comorbid conditions was gathered through interviews and health records. Blood pressure and BMI were evaluated using conventional techniques. Data analysis was conducted using SPSS version 26.0, and a p-value of less than 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant. Approval for ethical considerations and informed consent were acquired. Results: In a study involving 120 hypertensive individuals, the average age was 56.4 ± 11.7 years; the majority were females aged 51–60 years, lived in urban areas, had hypertension for 5 years or more, and were receiving treatment. The most prevalent unhealthy behaviors were low physical activity (63.3%), high salt consumption (56.7%), and insufficient fruit/vegetable intake (51.7%). Overweight/obesity impacted 67.5%, while 45.8% experienced uncontrolled hypertension. Lack of physical activity and increased BMI were notably linked to uncontrolled blood pressure. Conclusion: Unhealthy habits and excess weight/obesity are prevalent among patients with hypertension. Diet, physical activity, weight management, and adherence through lifestyle changes are crucial for improving blood pressure management and reducing cardiovascular risk.