Scientific Evaluation of Player Positioning: A Measurement Tool for U-16 Football Players in Semarang

Abstract

The main issue addressed in this study is the lack of objective, reliable tools for accurately determining player positions in youth football. Accurately identifying player positions is critical for optimizing individual development and enhancing overall team performance. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of a newly developed scientific measurement instrument designed to determine appropriate playing positions for U-16 youth football players in Semarang City. This study used a quantitative, quasi-experimental approach involving 40 male players aged 15 to 16 years. The instrument assesses four key domains: technical proficiency, tactical awareness, physical performance, and psychological attributes. Data collection involved initial position assessments conducted by coaches, followed by post-assessments using the instrument. Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) was conducted to establish construct validity, while Cronbach’s Alpha was used to assess reliability. Paired-sample t-tests were utilized to compare player performance before and after the intervention. The results indicated strong validity (CFI = 0.931; RMSEA = 0.039) and high reliability (α = 0.918). Significant improvements were observed post-intervention, with an average 17.2% increase in performance metrics such as successful passes, defensive plays, and goal contributions (p < 0.01). Additionally, coaches reported enhanced confidence in assigning player positions based on the instrument's output. These findings demonstrate that the scientific measurement instrument is effective in improving the accuracy of position determination among U-16 football players in Semarang City and offers a valuable, evidence-based tool for youth football academies to optimize talent placement and player development.