Effectiveness of Offensive Kicking Techniques and Their Contribution to Winning Points in Combat Sports: A Comparative Analysis

Abstract

Offensive kicking techniques represent an important component of competitive performance in combat sports. However, the contribution of individual kicking techniques to successful scoring may differ according to the technical characteristics, tactical demands, and scoring regulations of each combat sport. The present study aimed to examine the effectiveness of offensive kicking techniques and their contribution to achieving winning points in Taekwondo, Karate, Muay Thai, and Kickboxing.

Methods

A descriptive analytical research design based on systematic video observation and performance analysis was employed. Elite athletes competing in semifinal and final matches at major international competitions, including the Paris 2024 Olympic Games and selected World Championship events, were analyzed. A specially designed observation and performance analysis form was used to record the type and frequency of offensive kicking techniques, successful attempts, points obtained from each technique, and their contribution to total winning points. Particular attention was given to fundamental kicking techniques, including the front kick and round kick. Differences in kicking effectiveness were examined according to the type of combat sport using appropriate statistical procedures, with statistical significance established at p < 0.05.

Results

The analysis indicated that the front kick and round kick were among the most effective offensive kicking techniques contributing to scoring across the combat sports examined. However, the relative contribution of individual techniques varied between Taekwondo, Karate, Muay Thai, and Kickboxing, reflecting differences in competition rules, scoring systems, technical characteristics, and tactical requirements. Statistically significant differences were identified in the contribution of offensive kicking techniques according to combat sport (p < 0.05). The findings further indicated that successful kicking performance was associated with accurate execution, appropriate timing, technical efficiency, and the ability to apply techniques according to the tactical context of the match.

Conclusions

Offensive kicking techniques, particularly the front kick and round kick, represent important components of successful scoring performance in combat sports. Their effectiveness is influenced not only by the technical characteristics of the kick but also by sport-specific rules, tactical application, execution accuracy, timing, and physical performance factors. Coaches are therefore encouraged to use competition-based performance analysis and sport-specific training strategies to improve kicking effectiveness and competitive performance.