Inclusion of Physically Challenged Women in Bangladesh’s Garment Sector: Facilitators and Barriers

Abstract

Recent studies indicate the growing participation of physically challenged women (PCW) of readymade garment (RMG) sector in Bangladesh, although their inclusion poses several challenges which remain underexplored. This study examined the factors facilitating PCWs’ inclusion in the garment factories, and the barriers they encounter in entering, adapting to and sustaining in the garment factories. A qualitative research design was adopted using purposive sampling. Information was gathered through extensive interviews with (n=34) women with visible physical impairments, complemented by key informant interviews with (n=5) personnel from the “Center for the Rehabilitation of the paralyzed (CRP)” and (n=3) employees from garment factories. Interviews were transcribed, and systematically coded using NVivo and analyzed thematically. The findings revealed two major themes: facilitators and barriers to inclusion. Key facilitators included vocational training, workplace accommodations, flexible leave policies, maternity support, inclusive work environment, housing facilities, and continuous counselling and mentorship. However, CRP and garment factories encounter resource limitations, accessibility, and production pressure. PCWs experienced structural barriers, difficulties meeting production targets, time management constraints, workplace harassment, inadequate accommodations, and job insecurity. The study recommends greater efforts by government, NGOs, donor agencies, garment factory owners, individuals to promote accessible, supportive and inclusive working environments for PCWs in the RMG sector.