Role of Rebamipide in Treatment of Aphthous Ulcers: A Systematic Review

Abstract

Aphthous ulcers, also known as aphthous stomatitis, particularly affect the non-keratinized mucosa of the oral cavity. Although the precise cause of aphthous ulcers remains uncertain, several factors such as stress, trauma, immune responses, and viral infections are believed to play a role. Given the multifactorial nature of this condition, treatment primarily targets the relief of symptoms like pain or burning, typically using topical anesthetics or antiseptics. The aim of this review was to assess the efficacy of Rebamipide in achieving these therapeutic outcomes, including pain relief, reduction in ulcer size and duration, and prevention of recurrence. Search was conducted by electronic databases to determine the clinical trials on Rebamipide use in aphthous ulcers and Behçet’s disease. Randomized controlled trials, cohort, and case-control studies were included. Data extraction and quality assessment were conducted independently by two reviewers. There were 3 RCTs included in the present systematic review. Clinical evidence shows Rebamipide has anti-inflammatory and mucosal-protective properties. Additionly, it reduces the pain significantly, size of ulcers and healing period. Few studies noted that decreased rate of recurrence with prolonged therapy. Rebamipide seems beneficial in reducing the symptoms and healing of ulcer. Large-scale, high-quality randomized controlled trials are essential to confirm the efficacy for the development of standardized treatment protocols. Clinical significance: This analysis examines current trial data through strict appraisal methods, seeking coherence amid variation. Insights gathered may guide medical professionals, while also highlighting the directions of further studies.