Digital Overload and Workplace Flourishing: The Role of Media Multitasking, Social Support, and Psychological Capital in Young Employees’ Well-being within the PERMA Framework

Abstract

This study investigates the impact of media multitasking, sense of community, and social support on young employees’ well-being within the PERMA framework, while examining self-efficacy and hope as mediating psychological mechanisms. Grounded in Social Support Theory, Cognitive Load Theory, Psychological Capital Theory, and PERMA theory, the study integrates behavioral, social, and cognitive perspectives to explain employee well-being in digital workplaces. A quantitative research design was employed using a structured survey, and data were analyzed using structural equation modeling to test direct and indirect relationships among variables. Findings indicate that media multitasking negatively affects employee well-being due to cognitive overload, while sense of community and social support significantly enhance well-being outcomes. Self-efficacy and hope were found to partially mediate these relationships, strengthening the positive effects of social and organizational resources on well-being. The results highlight that psychological capital plays a critical role in buffering digital stressors and enhancing PERMA dimensions of flourishing. The study contributes to Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 3: Good Health and Well-being and SDG 8: Decent Work and Economic Growth) by emphasizing psychologically healthy and supportive work environments. It concludes that employee well-being in digital workplaces is best achieved through balancing technological demands with strong social support systems and psychological resource development.