Life of Kazakhs in Tajikistan After Migration In the 1930s: Documents and Memories

Abstract

Introduction. In the 1920s, and especially since the 1930s, the people inhabiting the territory of Kazakhstan were forced to emigrate to neighboring countries, including Tajikistan, due to hunger and persecution caused by the country's repression and left-wing collectivization policies. Goals and objectives. To reveal and objectively study the gaps in Kazakh history within the framework of the policy of preserving the past in independent Kazakhstan and the formation of the historical consciousness of Kazakh society, to analyze domestic and foreign scientific literature and published data on the issue of child homelessness in neighboring countries, including Tajikistan, in the 1920s-1930s.

Results. The results of the study will serve to form a collective historical memory, contribute to the growth of historical consciousness, and patriotism of the people of Kazakhstan. Supplementing national history with new facts from the memories of eyewitnesses will increase the general public's interest in historical information, in learning the history of their native land, will become an important factor in preserving the collective memory of the people, a means of self-education, and will directly affect the growth of the level of education of the population. Conclusions. In the Soviet Union in the 20-30s of the 20th century, leftist policies, in particular political repressions, famine, and forced collectivization, had a negative impact on ordinary people, including the Kazakhs living in Tajikistan. The process of orphans, alien to the indigenous Kazakh society, emerged during the Soviet era and was clearly manifested under Soviet rule. However, the Soviet government fought against child homelessness not out of genuine compassion for these children, but in order to prevent a cruel army of children who opposed Soviet power.